At the meeting of the Eurogroup and the Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN), held on September 13 and 14, 2024, in Budapest, Croatia's Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, Marko Primorac, participated. The meetings cover key discussions on economic challenges currently shaping Europe, with a particular focus on fiscal sustainability and financing of future projects related to green transition and renewable energy sources.

Macroeconomic changes and global challenges

One of the main goals of the meetings is a detailed analysis of macroeconomic conditions in the euro area. Finance ministers from member states are examining the latest trends in the global economy, with a particular focus on inflation and fiscal challenges. Additionally, discussions covered potential consequences of geopolitical tensions, especially regarding the situation in Ukraine and the financial support the European Union provides to that country. Italian representatives reported on progress in G7 discussions on this topic, and the European Commission provided updated data on the impacts of global trends on the European economy.

Special attention was given to the corporate sector in the euro area, especially regarding high energy prices which most affect energy-intensive industries. These industries face increased operating costs, and the European Union is seeking ways to help them maintain long-term sustainability despite the phasing out of certain support measures in the future.

Sustainable financing and green transition

Another important part of the meetings addressed the topic of green transition and the need for additional financial investments to make Europe climate-neutral by 2050. Ministers emphasized the need to significantly increase investment in renewable energy sources and environmentally friendly technologies. During the discussions, representatives from international organizations, such as OECD Secretary-General Mathias Corman, contributed on how countries can successfully implement green policies.

Zoltán Kurali, President of Hungary's Public Debt Management Agency, also spoke about the challenges faced by countries adjusting their financial systems to promote green investments. His analysis highlighted specific steps Hungary is taking to increase investment in clean technologies.

Demographic trends and economic sustainability

One of the key topics at ECOFIN was related to demographic changes affecting Europe. Aging population, declining birth rates, and migration are becoming increasing challenges for European countries, and ministers discussed measures that could help maintain long-term economic competitiveness. Experts from the Bruegel Institute, Jeromin Zettelmeyer and Zsolt Darvas, presented their research on how demographic challenges could be overcome through smart policies including increased investment in the workforce and education.

The meeting also discussed the Capital Markets Union, with an emphasis on the need to further strengthen the financial sector in Europe to support green and digital transformations. This union is crucial for creating flexible financial markets that can effectively respond to future challenges, including climate change and digitalization.

Conclusions and future steps

During the meeting, ministers highlighted the importance of coordination between different member countries in addressing common challenges. The next Eurogroup meeting is scheduled for early 2025, where detailed analysis of fiscal plans for the upcoming period will be conducted and additional measures proposed to enhance the European economy.